AI training now drives 52% of crawler requests, Cloudflare says
Cloudflare reports AI training made up 52% of identified crawler requests in June 2026, up from 22% in Spring 2025, with search crawling shrinking.
Decide which AI crawlers may take your content, see what each one actually does, and generate both files from that one decision.
Runs entirely in your browser. Nothing you enter is uploaded, logged or stored.
A search agent indexes your page so it can be cited in an answer. You get attribution and, sometimes, a click. This is the closest thing to the traditional search bargain.
A training agent copies your content into a model. There is no attribution and no click. The argument for allowing it is influence over what models know; the argument against is that you get nothing back that you can measure.
A live fetcher retrieves your page because a person asked about it right now. It behaves like a visitor with a robot’s user agent, and blocking it mostly means the person gets a worse answer about you.
Deciding all three with one checkbox is the most common mistake in AI crawler policy, and it is usually made in the direction of blocking search agents by accident.
Nothing in the protocol enforces anything. Well-behaved crawlers read the file and comply; the rest do not. More importantly for most sites, your own infrastructure can overrule it: a bot management rule, an AI crawler toggle at the CDN, or a WAF rule matching on bot signatures will block an agent that robots.txt explicitly welcomes.
So verify with a request rather than a file:
for ua in GPTBot OAI-SearchBot ClaudeBot PerplexityBot; do
curl -sA "$ua" -o /dev/null -w "$ua %{http_code}\n" https://example.com/
done
A 403 there means the decision is being made somewhere other than the file you just published.
No. GPTBot collects training data. ChatGPT search results are built by OAI-SearchBot, and a page fetched because a user asked about it comes through ChatGPT-User. Blocking the training crawler leaves the other two untouched, which is usually what a publisher actually wants.
No. Google-Extended governs whether your content is used to train Gemini. It is a separate control from Googlebot, and Google documents that it does not affect Search ranking.
It is a proposal, not a standard, and no engine is obliged to read it. It costs almost nothing to publish and it is the only place you get to state, in your own words, what a machine should read first. Treat it as a courtesy that may pay off, not as a ranking mechanism.
Almost always a bot-management rule at the CDN. Cloudflare's AI crawler controls, bot fight modes and WAF rules that match on bot signatures all act before robots.txt is ever read. Test with a real request using the agent's user-agent string.
Cloudflare reports AI training made up 52% of identified crawler requests in June 2026, up from 22% in Spring 2025, with search crawling shrinking.
We read the robots.txt of 60 publishers and SEO vendors. News sites block AI crawlers almost universally. The SEO industry does not.
Only 14 of 60 major sites serve an llms.txt. Half of them sell SEO or hosting software. One is a news publisher. The file has an audience problem.
Three trackers measured 2026 organic CTR by position and reported position 1 anywhere from 27.6% to 39.8%, because none used the same method.